The unique capabilities of DRAIN-RC coupled with CCAP allows ITE engineers the flexibility of robust seismic analysis resulting in quick and efficient solutions to your seismic applications

DRAIN-RC

DRAIN-RC is intended for planar, dynamic, inelastic, response, and history analysis of reinforced concrete structures. It contains hysteretic models suitable for reinforced concrete structures, including those for flexure, with and without axial load-moment interaction, shear, anchorage slip, infil panels, and truss elements. The program also has capabilities of conducting "Push-Over" analysis. Furthermore, it has an option to consider P-D effects. Dynamic loading is introduced in terms of horizontal and vertical ground motions.

The structure to be analyzed must first be modeled with discrete elements between nodes. Each node has three degrees of freedom, two translational, and one rotational. Structural mass is lumped at the nodes. The dynamic response is determined using a step-by-step integration technique, assuming constant acceleration during each time step. Therefore, non-linear response is divided into linear responses between two time intervals, and the stiffness of each element is updated at the end of each interval for the following time step.

Each element is modeled as an elastic member with three-point springs at the ends for flexure, shear and anchorage slip components of inelastic deformations. Hysteretic models are assigned to these springs to simulate cyclic behavior. Primary curves for inelastic springs are specified as input. Loading, unloading and reloading branches of hysteresis loops are generated by following the rules incorporated in each model.

The program calculates ductility factors based on chord angle. Ductility factors, defined as maximum chord angle divided by the angle at initial yield, are listed for each deformation component, i.e., flexure, shear and anchorage slip, as well as for total deformation. The program further calculates energy dissipation factors as the ratio of plastic to elastic energy, where the energy is computed as the area under the force-deformation hysteretic relationship.

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